Emergency lighting
Types of emergency lighting
Emergency lighting is a set of lighting equipment designed to provide a good level of illumination at night. Emergency lighting is divided into three groups
- emergency lighting ;
- evacuation zones.
The third group is emergency lighting for potentially hazardous areas.
Self-contained emergency lights: functions and features
Self-contained emergency lights come in several models:
- D.C.-powered: operates from an external mains supply, with built-in battery switchover in emergencies;
- dual-mode intermittent light: activated when the light is off;
- combined: one lamp is powered by an external supply, the second by a battery.
Self-powered lamps are used where no electrical wiring is available.
Integrated emergency lighting systems: overview and applications
Integrated emergency lighting systems enable you to manage the exchange of information within a physical security system by collecting and combining data in a single point: an intelligent system. For example, if an unusual situation occurs, the overhead lighting is switched off and the emergency exit light is switched on. More broadly, the gas and heat supply stops, as do all technological processes.
Signal and emergency floodlights: Benefits and uses
Signal and emergency floodlights transmit light signals over fairly long distances. They are used as warning or information signals. Outwardly, they differ markedly from conventional models in their cylindrical shape and long range. Although emergency exit lighting does not fall into this category, the information it provides is just as important.
How to choose emergency lighting
There are several aspects to consider when choosing emergency lighting. It is important to pay attention to :
- protection category against dust and humidity ;
- climatic conditions of use;
- operating time in emergency conditions.
Such equipment can also produce a bright red or orange light.
Selection criteria: brightness, service life, type of power source
The rules stipulate that emergency lighting must be at least 0.5 lux in the room and 1.0 lux for escape routes. The high-risk area must be illuminated by at least 10% of the lighting under working conditions. Total working time is 60 minutes.
Selection tips: recommendations for different types of premises
The following standards are recommended for lighting different types of premises:
- escape routes up to 2.0 m wide: 1 lux ;
- less than 2 m: 0.5 lux;
- high-risk area: 15 lux.
Medical assistance area, staircase, emergency exit, emergency exit luminaire: 5.0 lux.
Installation and maintenance of emergency lighting
Emergency lighting must be installed and maintained according to a specific technological scheme.
Installation: steps and recommendations
To ensure the smooth operation of an emergency system, a NiCd storage battery device is installed, which ensures autonomous operation, and an inverter to transform direct current into alternating current.
Service: Support and performance monitoring
Monthly testing of emergency lighting involves disconnection from the central power grid, simulating an emergency shutdown. The emergency exit lamp is also tested monthly. French electrical wholesaler Banquedelampes.fr offers Ansell and Gira emergency lighting:
- Ansell Lighting Zeker CCT Black safety light ;
- Zeker CCT white security light ;
- Zeker CCT PIR security light black ;
- Zeker CCT PIR security light white ;
- Gira accs.kit mot.det. Cube Security light.
The complete catalog is available on the European dealer's website.
Advantages and disadvantages of emergency lighting
Emergency lighting has its advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages: Reliability, safety, ease of use
The advantages of emergency lighting are :
- high reliability and safety;
- easy installation.
Its ease of use is an additional quality.
Disadvantages: Cost, need for periodic maintenance
Disadvantages include
- higher cost;
- limited lighting.
The need for periodic maintenance requires an additional budget.
How emergency lighting compares with other types of lighting
The functionalities of emergency lighting are different from those of other types of lighting.
Emergency lighting vs. conventional lighting: effectiveness and applicability
The main tasks of LSCs (Luminaires sur Source Centralisée) are to create the right conditions for :
- the end of the process under working conditions ;
- continuation if it is impossible to stop;
- evacuation of workers.
Emergency exit lighting, landing zones, flight zones, cages and heavy equipment zones.
Comparison with LED emergency systems: Advantages of LED technology
LED technology produces a more powerful luminous flux with minimal power consumption. An emergency light unit is equipped with a small, compact battery.